Technology
We, at Beveridge Audio, are passionate about the purity and definition of reproduced sound at home.
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We invite you to take a brief tour of our facilities - then and now - to learn more about our approach to loudspeakers design and about the unique technologies we have developed in order to achieve our goals.
This page includes many photos and may take some time to load. Worth waiting, though.
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In 1966, Harold Beveridge ("Bev") built the first Beveridge Model 1 prototype. It was a full range electrostatic loudspeaker, incorporating his newly developed full-height system of lenses to convert the planar radiation of the electrostatic transducer into a round, 180 degree dispersion wavefront. The system was almost floor to ceiling tall and the dispersed sound waves covered the entire listening room. The "sweet spot" was completely eliminated.
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Ironically, the Beveridge Electrostatic speakers were almost extinct before they even went into production. By 1970, rumors about the new super speaker started to spread. In 1972, the head of Sony corporation, Akio Morita, spent several days at Bev's residence auditioning and testing the new speaker. A team of Morita's Sony engineers put the speakers through their paces. Several days later, impressed by what he heard and by the extensive test results, Morita offered to buy the entire project, patents, jigs and all, for Sony's exclusive use. Bev was flattered, but gracefully declined.
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Model 1 prototype
The cabinet of the Model 1, at 6.5'H X 3'W X18"D, was too large for most residential living rooms. Don McFarland, a friend and sailing partner and a noted designer by profession, was called in to redesign and tone down the cabinet's dimensions, The resulting design ultimately became known, commercially, as the Model 2. In 1976, McFarland's design won the California Award for Excellence in Design.
Many innovations were part of that Model 1. The electrostatic panels were driven by dedicated high power, OTL tube amplifiers, designed and hand-built by Bev himself. A similar but more advanced prototype amp was hand-built to drive the first experimental Model 2 as well. Thirty years later, that original pair of mono amps is still around and in working condition. Bev built systems to last.
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Model 2 power amplifier prototype hand-built
by Harold Beveridge over 30 years ago - still
going strong
Final production power amplifier, including the cooling fan, housed
in the tower's metal pedestal. Used in Model 2 and its derivatives
Models 2 SW-x. By then, a talented young electronic engineer, Roger
A. Modjeski, was already heavily involved in its design He later rose to
fame to design many classics (Counterpoint) and nowadays heads
his own company, RamLabs.
The electrodes that make the electrostatic transducer are made of a proprietary mix of epoxy resin and other conductive materials and are widely regarded as the best in the business. Their longevity is legendary, since their dielectric properties make them immune to arcing. Even with the fully-conductive, aluminized Mylar membrane. The transducer is thus immune to problems from dust, humidity, and other environmental hazards.
The use of conductive Mylar allows the Beveridge transducer to drive the membrane actively (as opposed to the passive technique used in more common "constant-charge" systems). This allows the transducer to achieve twice the excursion for the same drive voltage.
Model 2 / 2 SW electrodes. A further half (1') extension is added to a
2' element to make the 3' transducer used in the Model 3. The 6'
line source in Models 2 / 2 SW-x is made of three 2' transducers. The
Model 3 sports two 3' elements per cabinet, while stator to
diaphragm clearance is halved.
Stretching the aluminized Mylar diaphragm
Electrodes "sandwich" the Mylar
Later production models (5 & 6, during the Cal Audio tenure) departed from the epoxy type electrodes and introduced the circuit-board type transducer. Although far simpler and easier to manufacture, these electrodes proved to be less satisfactory than the earlier type. The insulation on the electrodes developed faults and the aluminum coating on the Mylar became depleted. In short, the failure rate was totally unacceptable.
Today Beveridge Audio manufactures exclusively its improved epoxy-type transducers and retrofits epoxy type elements to Models 5 & 6. Ironically, before durability became an issue, Cal Audio offered retrofits of circuit-board transducers to owners of earlier models.
circuit-board type transducer
for Models 5 & 6
The first glimpse the world had gained into the Beveridge unique acoustic lens was by reading the first patent filed by Harold Beveridge in June 1972.
Lens concept depiction
Actual cut through the 2 SW lens
The current version of the lens is generated
by a complicated set of mathematical formulae,
improving on the original design
and bringing it close to its theoretical optimum
The result: new Model 2 lens (front)
Viewed is the center vertical sound slot. The wave
guides are held in place by the horizontal spacers.
Maple-finish new Model 2 cabinet and
lenses
Several new innovations were revealed when the Model 3 was introduced in 1980. The direct-drive tube amplifier was eliminated and users were thus able to provide the amplification of their choice. The equalization network was provided as a separate passive unit, inserted in the pre-amp tape loop or between pre- and power amplifier (see Model 3). A simple system of user-adjusted jumpers allowed for bi-amplification (internal or external), as well as bypassing the internal crossover network altogether (the ES unit remained protected below 70 Hz at all times).
The clever hybrid design incorporated two 10" woofers at the top and at the bottom of the elegant, tubular cabinet. The circular shape further reduced internal resonance and ingenious concave/convex dividers within the cabinet minimized ES unit rear wave coloration.
Transducer sliding into the Model 3 cabinet
Bottom rear woofer cavity in Model 3. Note the convex (lower)
back of the ES cavity and structural reinforcement within the woofer
cavity. Similar structural features are found in the top
woofer cavity (see Patents)
Refurbishing
Model 2 and 2 SW-x speakers can be serviced and/or upgraded at the factory. The acoustic performance of existing speakers can be improved by means of strategic stiffening of the cabinets and lenses. The appearance of cabinets and lenses can also, in many cases, be improved dramatically.
A Model 2 SW-1 disassembled and ready for rebuilding
Several Beveridge models in the Beveridge Audio listening room:
Model 3 (silver) flanked by two pairs of 2 SW-1.
(I cannot resist a bit of history here: the center "Silver" 3s were Harold Beveridge's personal speakers and include several modifications not found in the production systems. In 1980, they were presented as a gift to his wife, shortly before her premature death. They then became the property of his youngest son, Ross, and are now making gorgeous music in the home of Arthur Y. Vered, in the UK.)